Chronic nasal congestion, facial pressure, headaches, or a persistent reduction in the sense of smell—many patients suffer from sinus-related symptoms for months or even years. When medical treatments such as nasal sprays, rinses, or oral medications no longer provide sufficient relief, endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) may be an effective treatment option.

What is FESS?

FESS stands for Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery. The procedure is performed entirely through the nose, without any external incisions. Using fine endoscopes and specialized instruments, narrowed or inflamed areas of the paranasal sinuses are carefully opened.

The goal is to restore natural ventilation and drainage of the sinuses, allowing the mucosa to heal and function properly again.

When is surgery recommended?

FESS may be recommended when:

• Chronic rhinosinusitis persists despite adequate and consistent medical therapy
• Nasal polyps impair nasal breathing and the sense of smell
• Recurrent, severe sinus infections occur
• Complications or advanced mucosal changes are present

The decision for surgery is always made on an individual basis, taking into account symptoms, endoscopic findings, and CT imaging.

How is the procedure performed?

• Performed under general anesthesia
• Duration usually 60–120 minutes, depending on disease extent
• No external incisions and no visible scars
• In many cases, a one-night hospital stay

The procedure is generally not very painful. A sensation of pressure or nasal congestion during the first few days after surgery is normal.

What is important after surgery?

Long-term success depends largely on proper postoperative care:

• Regular nasal irrigations
• Scheduled follow-up visits with endoscopic cleaning
• Targeted local therapy (e.g., corticosteroid nasal sprays)

This structured aftercare significantly improves outcomes and helps prevent recurrence.

What results can be expected?

Most patients report:

• Significantly improved nasal breathing
• Fewer infections and less facial pressure
• Improved quality of life
• Often a recovery of the sense of smell

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